Essay --

1. The 4 most important technological developments were round-hulled sailing ships, the compass, and improved map-making innovations, and knowledge of explosives/gunpowder weapons. These round-hulled ships allowed for further voyages into the Atlantic Ocean and for being able to carry large amounts of goods to trade in other places. The compass gave European’s the navigation tool they always needed to insure the y were going the correct way, allowing for more daring voyages to take place. Improved map making innovations also gave the Europeans a better idea of where they were and gave more confidence for more exploring and traveling to trade in distant lands. Finally gunpowder weapons gave Europeans the military advantages they needed over all the other civilizations in the world and allowed them to come and take port cities or entire civilizations. 2. Hongwu made notable reforms to the scholar-gentry influence and developed ways to check the abuses of other factions. He also tried to get more loyal bureaucrats by adding public beatings for disloyal or corrupted officials. In the first few years of the Ming dynasty, an economic boom happened as China began to contact other civilizations overseas. Population boom also occurred due to introduced crops from the Americas such as maize and potatoes. The merchant class became very wealthy off the economic boom and used their wealth to purchase land, increasing their social status. Chinese expansion occurred at a rate that a never been seen before. The Chinese began to push further out of Central Asia. The main motives for this were to explore other lands and to spread the glory of the Ming Empire. 3. Europeans Americas Cows Potatoes Horses Maize Diseases Sweet potatoes Onions Peanut... ...n put Confucian Scholars at the top and tried to cast aside anything other than Confucian thinking. Hindus became under attack by Mughal leaders that wanted to convert more to Islam. As he Mughals kept pushing deeper into India, tensions heated up as more people converted from Hinduism to Islam. After Newton published his book, it showed of a universe with simple laws and rules. It used rational hypothesis and generalization. It relied less on blind traditions of religious faith. Soon writers affected by the new science, although not scientist, began to attack traditional religious ideas such as miracles. Political change was complicated due to the absolute monarchy that arose in France vs the parliamentary monarchy that arose in England and Holland. These more effective central governments helped Europeans catch up in political forms that had been developed before

Afterschool program Essay

The combined efforts of the Washington, DC School system and the Woodson Foundation in the development of an Afterschool program to help increase and improve student outcomes. They have identified amply room for improvement. Three of the primary problems in the Washington, DC School systems are truancy, low student performance, and crime. They have also identified new staff (teachers) are quickly burnet out due to their initial enthusiasm in to want to help the students. This has caused a high turnover rate in new teachers, causing the school system to lose some of the best and brightest teachers to other school system in the area. The first stage in building a coalition is to select a representative from each of the organizations which will be involved in the program. This will give equal representation across the team. It has been identified that an Executive Development team should be established. This team will span across a multifunctional area to establish an operating plan for improving school performance. Participation from the Woodson Foundation and Washington, DC School system is the key element of a successful Executive Development team. However, representation from the National Coalition for Parental Involvement in education (NCPIE) should be considered, because they represent for the parent on the behalf of the PTA. The Coalition is in the forming stage of group development. A representative from each of the organizations will need to be assigned to the group. Then the group will need to figure out the groups purpose, structure, and the leadership of the group. In order for the Woodson Foundation to create this cohesive group, the stages of group development will need to be followed. The next step in the group development is storming. The representatives of the different organizations accept that the Executive Development team is needed, however each organization has their own principles they feel is important to the development. The leader is also established in this stage and there is a clear hierarchy of leadership. The third phase is Norming: In this stage, the Executive Development team has a solid group structure and a set of common expectations. Roles are established within this cohesive group.  The fourth stage is Performing: The structure of the Executive Development team is functional and all members accept it. The team is performing the tasks at hand and successfully completing them. The fifth stage is Adjourning. Even though the team is adjourning, they will collect the detailed analysis and put together a presentation of the Operational plan for improving the student’s performance in the After School program. Their findings will give clear direction of how to get the ASP going. One of the primary problems the Woodson Foundation is facing is what organization will lead the Executive Development team. In order for the leaders to lead this primary team, strong leadership and management is needed for top effectiveness. Today’s leaders should challenge themselves to identify status quo, create visions for the future, and inspire organizational members to want to achieve organizational goals and visions. The representatives from each organization of the Executive Development team, has their own vision as to why their organization should take the lead in building the team. The secondary problem the Woodson Foundation is to identify goals and objectives. The Woodson Foundation primary objective is outsider involvement to get a bigger and clearer picture of the program. NCPIE primary objective is having parent imput. They feel the Woodson Foundation can come in and do all they want, however if the parents do not participate the program will not work. Washington, DC School system primary objective is to let the professionals get the job done. The administrators feel they have the background, education, and expertise to spear head the program. These various backgrounds will enable the Executive Development team members, to have an understanding of the needs of the children participating in the ASP. One solution to the problem is building trust between coalition members and parents. The leadership will need to create an environment of trust that is conducive to all. Trust facilitates information sharing, encourages taking risks. However, trust builds a more effect team and enhances productivity (Robbins, pg 315). My second solution would be to identify and define clear responsibilities within the group. Each individual must be responsible and successfully complete research, presentations, and analysis for their areas of focus. This can clearly be accomplished by soliciting input from other team members (Robbins, pg 316). Each member of the group should have some type of training in managing diversity, conflict resolution, team building, and team cohesiveness. All members should have a clear understanding of their roles within the group and promote a climate of trust. Having a clear understanding of the leadership and its structure would better serve the Executive Development team’s primary function. Work Cited Robbins, Judge, Stephen P., Timothy A. Organizational Behavior. 15th Edition. Pearson Learning Solutions, 2012. VitalBook file. Bookshelf.

buy custom Red Crescent Movement essay

buy custom Red Crescent Movement essay The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a non-making profit organization that operates in 186 countries. This organization kicks back its root in 1919, and its major goal is to provide aid to the victims of technological and natural disasters, and health emergencies as well as the refugees. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement act as the main representative for its members in the international arena. In addition, it enhances the cooperation among the national societies, and assists in promoting their ability to perform disaster, health, social programmes and preparedness effectively. This organization has several substitutes that operate under the basic objectives, principles, statues, symbols and governing organs of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. These movements are; International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The funds for supporting the ongoing activities of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement come from surplus revenues, donation from donors, and the governments. Although this non-making profit has existed for a long time, it faces many setbacks, which have been deeply analyzed in this paper. This paper will also scrutinize the internal and external factors that hinder this organization as well as its strength and opportunities. In addition, the paper will look at the current positions and select the one the fits my career. 1.0 Background The non-profit organizations are those that are aimed at enhancing all of the humanity aspects (Koteen 1997). Their objectives and goals are not aimed at attaining a return on investment, but rather promoting the goodwill and bettering the lives of others (Hartigan 2006). The profits earned by such organizations are not shared as dividends, but are rather reinvested into the organization (Koteen, 1997). They operate within various public beneficial aspects like, environmental protection, caring for the old and the disabled, community development, and the protection of animal rights among many others (Alvarado 2000). One good example of the non-profit organizations is the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, which is considered to be the largest global humanitarian network, with a mission of alleviating humanitarian suffering, upholding human dignity, as well as protecting health and life of the people, particularly during emergencies such as floods, armed conflicts, ear thquakes and epidemics (Neville 2002). This movement consists of about 97 million members, staff and volunteers globally, with three distinct organizations (Jean-Claude, 1999). The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is an impartial organization that is charged with the responsibility of protecting the lives and dignity of people affected by war or internal violence (Hans 1993). The second organization is the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and is charged with the responsibility of organizing and leading relief aid missions that deal with large-scale emergencies (Neville 2002). The third organization is the National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies that has been established in almost every country in the world. The National Societies work in their own countries depending on their capacities and specific circumstances. Most of their activities are closely associated with the provision of emergency medical services to the affecte d people during times of emergencies (Neville 2002). All of the three components of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement are guided by the same seven fundamental principles: humanity, neutrality, impartiality, voluntary service, unity, independence, and universality (Hans 1993). To achieve its mission of assisting without discrimination that is aimed at promoting peace around the world, the Movement has an important management strategy that gives it a clear strategic direction directed towards reconciling the diverse cultures and priorities of the National Societies, with the aim of being a global network for humanitarian action that works together as a Movement (ICRC Report, 1997). Furthermore, the Movement is guided by the Seville Agreement was adopted by the Movement through the 1997 Council of Delegates in Seville (Angela, 2005). This paper will basically offer an overview of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, analyzing its competitors through the Porter 5 forces, and trends through the force fi eld analysis. The paper will also look at the job opportunities available in this organization, along with the skills I posses and consider if I can qualify for the any of the advertised vacancies. 2.0 Competitors of International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement through porter 5 forces The non-for profit organizations have become one of the most significant driving forces behind the national economic and social development. However, considering the fact that these organizations are most of the time faced by scarcity of resources, it is viewed that competition is the major means and ways through which these organizations can attain their goals and objective (Porter 2008). Therefore, these organizations have to ensure that they will be able to continue providing for the community for the intended period of operation. 2.1 The threat of new entrants into the non-for profit organization Allowing new entrants into the non-for profit sector may imply increased competition for donations and memberships, thus decreasing the funds raised by the organization. For the case of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, having new entrants into this sector may provide a wider choice for the health insurance providers and government tenders , and thus the Movement may be forced to provide extra services for the same amount of funding. 2.2 The Threat of Substitutes he availability of a substitute in the market can lower the amount of potential profits within the industry (Porter, 2008). For instance, enrolment into the schooling programme supported by a non for profit organization such as the American Red Cross may limit membership into the capacity-building programme supported by this Movement (Eugene Brown, 2011). 2.3 Buyer power For the non-for profit organizations, buyers include donors, philanthropic and government funders, and consumers (Porter, 1980). Therefore, buyers can exert pressure on the non-profit organization creating a situation where there is stiff competition for the same source of funding. 2.4 Supplier power Suppliers in this case refer to the government organizations, and other service providers. An analysis of the supplier power impact on the non-for profit organization demands an understanding of the pressures within the suppliers industry. The movement is required for instance to have an understanding of the medicine industry, as this can have power over this Movement. 2.5 Degree of rivalry Competition exists within the non-for profit sector for corporate sponsorship, consumers, donors and government grants (Porter 2008). An analysis of the number of organizations offering the same services compared to the number of individuals requiring such services can be used as a measure of the rivalry in the industry. For instance, the American Red Cross is also a humanitarian organization just like this Movement, and thus can used to determine how concentrated the sector is with regard to attracting donors. 3.0 Analyzing trends through Force Field analysis The concept of force field analysis was introduced by Kurt Lewin, and is still applied by most managers today to help understand the factors or rather forces influencing a situation or behaviour within the organization. Basically, the force field analysis looks at the forces that help in either driving or hindering the movement towards a certain goal (Lewin 1943). Therefore, conducting a force field analysis helps the organization to plan to build up on the forces that support a specific decision, and minimize the opposing factors. For instance, the Internal Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement can apply the force filed analysis to manage and understand the behaviour of its employees. The driving forces propel behaviour towards the desired direction. Such forces can either be extrinsic or intrinsic, or a combination of both, for instance, the desire to achieve the approval of co-workers and bosses, organizational rewards, and motivation (David 2005). However, the restraining forces of ten prevent the attainment of the desired behaviour, and incorporate such factors as lack of training, lack of motivation, and personal issues. Therefore, the understanding of both the restraining and the driving forces provides an understanding of the factors affecting the behaviour of the employees. For instance, if one employee is known to misappropriate the organizations resources, the organization can identify both the driving and the restraining forces in order to help change the behaviour of that employee. It is worth noting that to attain the behaviour change the organization should consider minimizing the restraining force and increase the driving force. In addition, it is worth noting that this Movement is often bound to encounter conflicts with other non for profit organizations that have similar objectives with this Movement. The Movement can therefore apply the force field analysis to analyze the driving forces and the factors that have made it difficult to attain coope ration with other non for profit organizations. There always certain misconception about such social trends and thus the force field analysis to determine the main elemental constructs (Lewin 1943). The Movement will therefore have to identify its strengths, for instance, the basic interest within the community it serves, as well as the challenges, such as competition for the limited space, that prevent it from cooperating with the other organizations. This will allow it to work on the identified challenges in order to increase on the strengths towards attaining cooperation. 4.0 Why I suit to work for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: My key strength is my interest in IT and business management: I would like to transform this strength into visible and viable performance for an organization that will utilize and nurture my capabilities for our mutual benefit. We realize that the contemporary world is a competitive world where innovation is the major driving force towards attaining a competitive advantage. However, this is not only confined to the profit making industry, but also applies to the not-for-profit industry. For instance, technology is required to enable the organization track new developments, as well as to maintaining the collaborative networking. I believe that I will be able to apply my strengths to help the organization help move forward. Besides, I am a team leader and player and thus will be able to interact with different people from different backgrounds considering the fact that this is an organization whose main activities revolve around serving and interacting with different communities. I can also manage tasks without having to be supervised and I believe this is fitting for the organization considering the fact that most of its activities are not centralized and thus people are required to work without supervision. I also believe that my creativity will allow me to explore new opportunities for the organization, and my ability to solve problems will be of great benefit especially considering the fact that conflicts are often bound to happen at the community level, from individuals competing for the emergency aids. I believe the skills and abilities that I have make me fit to work for this organization. I have conducted a deeper analysis of the International Red Cross movement along with the targets the organization intends to attain during its period of operation, and this has given me the urge to work with it. I am basically interested in serving and helping the most vulnerable people in the society considering the fact that Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an organization that is concerned with initiating emergency responses in challenging environments, then offering me an opportunity to work with the organization will help me explore my career objective. I have chosen to apply for a job in the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement because this is an organization that has gained a worldwide reputation for its exceptional services in serving the most vulnerable people in the society (Hans 1993). 5.0 The Graduate Job I could apply for The organization advertises all its vacancies publicly on its job prospects site and they are open to both the external and internal applicants. The Movement only allows applications for the advertised vacancies and this can only be done online. The organization acknowledges any placed application immediately via an automatic email and provides the on line monitoring of the status of the vacancy. However, it is worth noting that the organization aims at to attract a qualified workforce and to create a performance-driven work culture by rewarding its staff on a merit-based and non-discriminatory manner (Koteen, 1997). The job that I am interested in is the Deputy Programme Coordinator (Grade 4). This vacancy is available in the Pakistan office, which seeks to offer continued implementation, and finalize on the Integrated Recovery Program that basically seeks to help the victims of the monsoon floods that occurred in 2010. Some of the specific tasks and responsibilities include acting as the managerial focal point when it comes to the running of the daily operations of the Integrated Recovery Program, with the specific focus on the integration and coordination of activities carried out by the different programs. This is aimed at ensuring that the goals of the program are attained. This job position requires a professional in social sciences, for instance in humanitarian or development affairs, or management. In addition, the post requires an individual who has worked in disaster management for five years. Some experience is also required in managing and supporting staff, working for the International Federation and National Societies or a humanitarian organization in one of the developing countries. The individual has to have worked at a local level with the communities and developing partnerships at the national, state of the local level. Besides, the applicant is required to be self-supporting in computers, particularly, in windows, word-processing and spreadsheets. Strong skills are also required in supporting, developing and training staff. In addition, the applicant is also required to have a valid driving licence. Besides, the applicants are required to have strong communication skills, and be able to work within a multi-cultural environment. Trust-building and teamwork are also some of the most important skills the interested applicants of this post should have. Also worth noting is the fact that applicants should be able to effectively network and influence others. Some competence is also required in management of resources, supervision and control, management of budgets, planning, leadership, monitoring, and self-management. 6.0 Comparative analysis Looking at the job specifications, some of the skills required match with the skills that I possess. For instance, the organization requires that the applicant should have good communication skills and the ability to head strategic meetings. I believe I have good communication skills for example my ability to speak in five different languages (Pashto, Persian, Urdu, English, Arabic) fluently and I can as well chair meetings within the organization. The organization also requires an individual who can team work. I have worked as a sales assistant at AFZAL Carpet and I was able to relate with the members of staff, as well as the customers effectively, and thus I am sure that I will be able to work with this team effectively. Besides, part of my course entailed working on team projects and I got the opportunity to head my group, a task I managed successfully considering the fact that I was able to influence my tem members to work on time and complete the tasks we had been allocated. Bes ides, the post requires a professional in management and considering the fact that I have pursued a degree in International Business Management, I believe I will be able to fit in this post. I am also proficient in computer programmes, such as windows installation, word-processing, spreadsheets, internet, web designing, which are some of the skills required to qualify for this post. Furthermore, my ability to relate and work effectively with people from diverse backgrounds will be an important asset considering the fact that the organization requires an individual who can work with teams within a multi-cultural environment. The fact that the post is available in the Pakistan office makes it appropriate for me as this is my home country. It is worth noting that, there are various skills and experiences that I am lacking, which are required by the organization for the applicants. The organization requires some experience in working for the International Federation and the National Societies, but I have not had such an experience since I have not worked for this organization before. In addition, the post requires and individual with five years experience in disaster management, an experience that I also lack. However, with some training I believe I will be able to acquire some skills that will help me function effectively in this position. However, despite the gaps I believe I can apply for the job because I posses most of the skills required by the organization. With some training and gaining a master degree in project management in 2013, I will improve and add on the skills I am lacking. 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Definition and Examples of Modality in Grammar

Definition and Examples of Modality in Grammar In grammar and semantics, modality refers to linguistic devices that indicate the degree to which an observation is possible, probable, likely, certain, permitted, or prohibited. In English, these notions are commonly (though not exclusively) expressed by modal auxiliaries, such as can, might, should, and will. They are sometimes combined with not. Martin J. Endley suggests that the simplest way to explain  modality  is  to say that it has to do with the stance the speaker adopts toward some situation expressed in an utterance...[M]odality reflects the speakers attitude toward the situation being described (Linguistic Perspectives on English Grammar, 2010). Deborah Cameron illustrates with an example: [Modality] is what makes the difference between a factual assertion like  unicorns never existed, and a more guarded view, such as  it seems unlikely that unicorns could ever have existed- or a bolder claim like  the existence of unicorns must always have been a myth.  Modality, then, is a resource  speakers  and writers use when they are staking claims to knowledge: it allows them to formulate different kinds of claims (e.g., assertions, opinions, hypotheses, speculations) and indicate how committed they are to those claims. (The Teachers Guide to Grammar, Oxford University Press, 2007) Indicating Modality Grammatically Just as tense indicates a time aspect of a verb, words that are used to show modality indicate the mood of the sentence- that is, how factual or assertive the statement is- and it can be done in any number of ways, including with adjectives. Martin J. Endley in Linguistic Perspectives on English Grammar  explains: Thus, a situation might be described as  possible, probable, necessary, or  certain. The  noun  counterparts of these adjectives also express modality so that a situation can be described as a  possibility, a  probability, a  necessity, or a  certainty. Moreover, it is possible to use ordinary  lexical verbs  to convey modality....And think  about the difference between saying that you  know  something and saying that you  believe  something. Such differences are essentially a matter of modality. Finally, English also contains certain semi-fixed lexical phrases (e.g.,  rumor has it) that are, basically, modal expressions.  (IAP, 2010) Other terms that express modality are marginal modals, such as need, ought to, dare, or used to. In Depth: Types of Modality The range of possibilities expressed when using modality is a broad spectrum, ranging from not very likely to very likely; to express these different levels, modality comes with named gradations, as explained by authors  Gà ¼nter Radden and Renà © Dirven, in Cognitive English Grammar:   Modality is concerned with the speakers assessment of, or attitude towards, the potentiality of a state of affairs. Modality, therefore, relates to different worlds. Assessments of potentiality, as in You must be right, relate to the world of knowledge and reasoning. This type of modality is known as epistemic modality. Modal attitudes apply to the world of things and social interaction. This type of modality is known as root modality. Root modality comprises three subtypes: deontic modality, intrinsic modality and disposition modality. Deontic modality is concerned with the speakers directive attitude towards an action to be carried out, as in the obligation You must go now. Intrinsic modality is concerned with potentialities arising from intrinsic qualities of a thing or circumstances, as in The meeting can be canceled, i.e. it is possible for the meeting to be canceled. Disposition modality is concerned with a things or a persons intrinsic potential of being actualised; in particu lar abilities. Thus, when you have the ability to play the guitar you will potentially do so....Modal verbs have a special status among modal expressions: they ground a situation in potential reality. (John Benjamins, 2007)

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Case Study Example Every year Pat Waller needed to recruit sales representatives. The turnover of the employees and new recruitments did not increase the sales volume. Despite the recruitment of new sales representative employees, the sales volume remained constant. There was problem in the channel of distribution related to the retention of sales representatives, which was under the control of Valley Winery. When Valley Winery took over the distributor, old sales representative did not stay back and Pat Waller needed to recruit fresh sales representative for that particular distribution channel. With the recruitment of new sales representatives, there were costs associated with it. It also included cost of hiring the employees, consultancy fees for new candidates and training cost. The recruitment cost had to be incurred by the organization every year and the training cost also increased. The problem perceived by Pat Waller was related to the hiring process. Pat Waller thought that the hiring process was not appropriate as it was a lengthy process and was also complicated in nature. This lowered the level of recruitment of potential sales representatives. Cause of the Problems Faced by Pat Waller The cause behind high sales representative turnover was due to multifarious factors. The basic reason for the turnover was inefficient management of sales forces. Pat Waller was not able to manage the sales personnel efficiently which led to huge turnover. Sales persons remain in the organization only when they are rewarded appropriately based upon their performance. Most of them accept monetary reward, but there are also many who accept non-monetary rewards such as reorganization, promotion and other related activities of rewarding system. There was absence of such rewarding system in Valley Winery. There were three groups of sales personnel and they had different kinds of system of pay and incentives. The direct sales personnel were not rewarded, only 6% commissions were paid on sales . Sales personnel who generated highest sales were also provided the same facility of commission pay. This is the reason they shifted to another company or another sector. The unethical practice of Valley Winery in the matter of visual merchandise displayed techniques that were not suitable to the sales personnel or they did not accept it. In addition, it was either against their ethics or there was contradiction between the company and sales personnel ethics. The spray technique on competitors merchandise to decrease their sales was unethical practice. The sales representatives required to perform such activities that might not be ethical to that particular sales representative. The recruitment did not assist in increasing the sales volume because there was more turnover and the recruitment had just replaced the personnel. There was actually no increase in the workforce capacity and it was not expected that there would be huge increase in volumes of sales with the fresh sales repre sentative. The decision of forward integration was not appropriate as the sales representative did not remain in the company. This also affected the control related to the distribution channel. These aspects increased the burden of new recruitment and also training them for that particular distribution channel. The cost of hiring and training the employees for sales was more. The hiring cost was part of the budget every year. This increased the cost and to minimize the

Critique Program Development Models-Adult Education Essay

Critique Program Development Models-Adult Education - Essay Example g and implementing educational strategies should culminate in behavioural change in individual learners and within learner groups and systems (Boone et al, 2002). The purpose of adult education programs is to enhance adults’ capacity to participate in society and improve their lives. An adult education program development model should have a clear statement of mission, philosophy, and goals that guides all aspects of program services. Further, it has to meet the needs of the program’s community, as well as the policies of its state and national funding agencies (Comings et al, 2006). The two theorists of adult education selected are: Stephen Brookfield (1986) and Malcolm Shepherd Knowles (1988). The program development models conceptualized by the above theorists are compared and contrasted below. According to Brookfield (1986), facilitators of adult learning should not adopt formulaic responses to widely varying situations. Avoiding orthodoxy, creative application of theory to the unique circumstances of the practice setting is advocated. The institutional model comprises of basic tenets of instructor-learner relationship, in whch the learner is in a submissive position, and is completely dependent on the instructor for achieving learning outcomes. In Knowles’ (1988) andragogical model of program development, there is shift in research and practice from a focus on teaching to a focus on learning. Thus a new emphasis on education was introduced, as a process of facilitating self-directed learning. Another principle is that life-long learning is considered as the organising principle for all education. Institutional culture, politics and technology will all play a part in impacting the program development process (Brookfield, 1986). Brookfield’s (1985) liberal model of adult education is institution-bound because it emphasizes principles of program design and the best use of available delivery systems, to plan a program to meet everyone’s needs.

Project Analysis St. Mary Shopping Centre Thornbury Assignment

Project Analysis St. Mary Shopping Centre Thornbury - Assignment Example This essay describes a proposal, that was made to demolish the existing Thornbury library building at St. Mary Street, Thornbury BRISTOL, South Gloucestershire, to facilitate the erection of a three storey building to form a new library. The new library was also proposed to provide retail space, office space, and associated car parking in the form of a town centre. The proposal was considered by the Development Control Committee. After due consideration of the opinions and views of all interested parties and after a full deliberation the Committee refused the proposal of the development planning. This essay examines the circumstances under which compulsory purchase of land can be ordered by the city council or other local authorities and also the policies of the government with respect to local planning and development. The researcher of this essay also aims to present an alternative development plan for the land under question. Since the proposal for redevelopment of the site is not accepted by the Thornbury Town Council, it is proposed to demolish the building and construct a shopping centre in the place for renting out office space. The details of the project are listed elsewhere in this paper. However, the researcher concludes that before examining the commercial viability of the proposed shopping complex, it would be of interest to study the details of the provisions, that are related to the compulsory acquisition of land and also about the local planning policies of the government.... Thornbury Library St. Mary Street - a Background The proposed site is located in St. Mary Street, Thornbury Town in South Gloucestershire County and the proposal was to make the shopping centre with the name and style of St. Mary /shopping Centre. The town is situated about 14.5 miles north of Bristol city centre. The site is in the ownership of South Gloucestershire Council and can be leased on a long term basis. The Town centre in Thornbury is dominated by the High Street. St. Mary Street where the site is located is full of remnants of old and historic Thornbury building blocks. Since the proposal for redevelopment of the site is not accepted by the Thornbury Town Council, it is proposed to demolish the building and construct a shopping centre in the place for renting out office space. The details of the project are listed elsewhere in this paper. However, before examining the commercial viability of the proposed shopping complex it would be of interest to study the details of the provisions relating to the compulsory acquisitio n of land and also about the local planning policies of the government. Compulsory Purchase of Land Compulsory acquisition is the process by which local and national governments obtain land and premises for development purposes which they consider is to be done in the best interests of the community. The law relating to compulsory purchase is far too complex in that it includes a provision to allow an owner of an interest in land to make a request to the local authority concerned to take possession of the land if that land is affected by a planning decision of the local authority. The basic principle behind the law is that the land suitable for development which will benefit the community may be